Weight Management Code of Practice Free Essay Example, 3250 words

Among the most popular fitness regimens are activities such as yoga, pilates among others. Fitness Gyms are also rising in number, and health equipments now cost relatively lower than how they were 10 years ago. Moreover, food supplements that contain fat burners such as L Carnitine are becoming popular in the market. The demand for these products is evident due to the emergence of innovations in this field. As such, C-Med, Inc. sees a promising opportunity for its product. The Calorie Plate is a digital device being attached to plates that compute for the number of calories present in the amount of food loaded to it. It tells the user how much calories he is already loading into his body. The user must load the necessary information to the device prior to use his body type, his current weight program, and other pertinent details, to be able to allow the device to calculate the maximum tolerable amount of calories that he could take in one sitting. C-Med, Inc. aims to make Calor ie Plate the leading weight management tool in the market, dominating not only Australia but most major cities in the whole world. We will write a custom essay sample on Weight Management Code of Practice or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page C-Med, Inc. , Inc. is a corporation owned by five investors, who also happen to be the brains behind Calorie Plate. On top of the incorporators, C-Med, Inc. will also open its doors to potential stockholders who could provide a significant contribution to the startup finances of the company. Strength Calorie Plate is the first and only of its kind in the market.

The Origin Of Man s Relationship With The Divine Essay

The origin of man’s relationship with the divine extends far back into his evolution – almost certainly farther still than the lifespan of any evidence could suggest. Indeed, religion is considered a cultural universal - where there are people, there is religion. For ancient humanity, religion combated ambiguity about death and deception, provided prosocial constructs that enabled greater cooperation, and generally fell in line with humanities distinctive (and possibly overactive) ability to attribute goals and desires to events – living or not. It was Xenophanes (c. 520) who noted the tendency of gods to be constructed in the likeness of the culture that birthed them. It is not surprising, then, that learning about a culture s religion can tell you a great deal about how the members see themselves and the world. Although ancient religions such as Hellenism seem a far cry away from today’s prevailing religions, many aspects of modern religions can be trace d back across cultures. One of the most interesting of these cultural shifts was the Roman assimilation of Greek culture. While the Greeks revered themselves for their communal government (democracy), their culture still very much praised the individual. The relationship between the gods and the people (particularly heros) suggest that religion is an individual pursuit – resolution is up to a single man to find. In Roman renditions, however, these same gods are depicted as rewarding selflessness – sacrifice for the greaterShow MoreRelatedThe Law And Civil Law1668 Words   |  7 PagesThe concepts of law and justice are interdependent and deeply intertwined. The relationship between these concepts is able to be perceived through analysis of each independently and then comparatively. One of the primary questions concerning law and justice pertains to the balance and importance of natural law compared to civil law. Problems arise when defining what natural law and civil law are. 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According to Gods plan, man and woman together, form the unit of humanity. A man or a woman alone is only a half of an entirety. Sadly society is steadfastly moving away from moral purity; due to lack of tradition and morality, which should have been instilled throughout each generation, but instead being persuaded into doing things that it believesRead MoreIslam Is Construed As The Second Largest Religion After1077 Words   |  5 Pagesare momentous numbers of the Muslims that can be found transversely on the world. The Islamic religion is believed to have originated from Arabia when Prophet Muhammad incepted it in the seventh century (570-632). It is believed that he did receive divine revelation that is recorded in the Quran. The Muslims holds the conviction that Allah is God is the same one that did reveal himself to Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. 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This way, it is possib leRead MoreThe Philosophy Of God s Creation1625 Words   |  7 PagesIn This lesson we will be looking at man who God has created in His image and how Man fell in disobedience to God. We shall also see the wonderful provision and Restoration God has made available to us through the various covenants He has established with mankind since the days of Adam. In the same way that God s creation stands as a source of God in us, we must also face the evil that came as a result of the fall. Genesis 2:7-9 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and Breathed

Relative Humidity Essay Sample free essay sample

This activity will look at two of the most cardinal and of import elements of conditions: temperature and humidness. Aims: 1. The pupils will detect the demand for mensurating instruments to quantify conditions observations. 2. The pupils will larn how to utilize a sling psychrometer to find temperature and comparative humidness values. 3. The pupils will explicate and understand the difference between absolute and comparative humidness and the relationships between temperature and atmospheric humidness. Introduction: Atmospheric Temperature is one of the most often considered of the many meteoric elements. This influence of air temperature on the growing and wellbeing of earth’s life signifiers is paramount. Temperature is fundamentally a step of the molecular kinetic energy of a substance. ( Or how fast the molecules are traveling ) . Therefore mention points upon which compare molecular activities or temperatures are needed. The freezing point and boiling points of H2O are used as 32OF or 0OCis the freeze point and 212OF or 100OC is the boiling point. Water is a basic necessity for the life signifiers here on Earth. At a given minute. merely about 1/100. 000 portion of the earth’s supply of H2O is found in the ambiance. yet it is this atmospheric H2O that brings wet to the surface of the Earth and makes it habitable. In the hydrologic rhythm. H2O is invariably being moved from the earth’s surface into the troposphere where it gives rise to overcast and precipitation. thereby conveying the H2O back to the surface once more. Humidity is defined as the sum of H2O vapour in the ambiance. It is measured in several ways. In one method. the mass of the H2O vapour is measured per unit volume. normally a three-dimensional metre ( M3 ) . This step of humidness is referred to as absolute humidness and reported as gms H2O/m3. The humidness may besides be expressed as a commixture ratio. The blending ratio represents the mass of H2O vapour in the ambiance measured in gms per kg mass ( g/kg ) of dry air. Specific humidness. yet another manner to mensurate and describe humidness. is basically the same as the commixture ratio. differing merely in that the sample mass of air includes the mass of H2O vapour contained within it. While each of the methods merely described to describe humidness involve mensurating the mass of H2O vapour within a sample unit of air. there is yet another manner to mensurate the sum of H2O vapour in the ambiance that utilizes a different attack. The construct of partial vapour force per unit area breaks out the sum of the entire atmospheric force per unit area attributable entirely to H2O vapour. For case if the atmospheric force per unit area is 1000 millibars. and H2O vapor represents 3 % of the mass of the air ( which is manifested as air force per unit area ) we could depict the sum of H2O vapor present by describing the existent vapour force per unit area as 30 millibars. Relative humidness. the most widely reported step of humidness. is non a direct step of the sum of H2O vapour in the ambiance. but instead the ratio of the air’s H2O vapour content to its H2O vapour capacity at a given temperature. The capacity is the sum of H2O vapour needed to bring forth impregnation at that peculiar temperature. The assorted expression for comparative humidness are: sum of H2O vapour in ambiance ( per unit ) X 100 H2O vapour capacity of ambiance ( per unit ) or blending ratioX 100impregnation blending ratio or existent vapour force per unit area X 100impregnation vapour force per unit area Humidity can be expressed in several ways. One step of humidness is vapor force per unit area. Every gas bing in air is lending to portion of the force per unit area being exerted by the air. The vapor force per unit area is the portion of the entire atmospheric force per unit area being exerted by the H2O vapour in the air. Therefore. it is a step of the existent vapour content or absolute humidness. If the air is keeping the maximal sum of vapour capable of keeping. it is said to be saturated and the vapour content can be expressed as the concentrated vapour force per unit area. There is a important relationship between the temperature of the air and its capacity to keep wet. The higher the temperature the greater of the air to keep wet. This relationship between temperature and saturated vapor force per unit area. Simple Calculations:Using the expression stated above in this lab execute the undermentioned computations and reply the inquiries. You must demo your work. 1 If the H2O vapour capacity of the ambiance in a given location is 25 gms per kg of air sampled. and the existent sum of H2O vapour nowadays is 5 gms per kg of air sampled. what is the comparative humidness? Water vapor/ West Virginia capacity=rh5g per k/ 25g per k= . 20?100=20RH=20 % 2 If the H2O vapour capacity of the ambiance in a given location is 12gms per kg of air sampled. and the existent sum of H2O vapour nowadays is 3 gms per kg of air sampled. what is the comparative humidness? 3g per k/12g per k= . 25?100=25RH=25 % 3 If the blending ratio of a sample of air is 5 grams/kilogram. and the temperature of the sample is 15 grades Celsius. giving a impregnation blending ratio of 10 grams/kilogram. what is the comparative humidness of the sample? 5gk/10gk= . 5?100= 50RH=50 % 4 If the blending ratio of a sample of air is 2 grams/kilogram. and the temperature of the sample is 25 grades Celsius. giving a impregnation blending ratio of 20 grams/kilogram. what is the comparative humidness of the sample? 2g per k/20g per k= . 10?100=10RH=10 % 5 If the vapour force per unit area is 10 millibars and the impregnation vapour force per unit area is 40 millibars. what is the comparative humidness of the ambiance? Actual/saturated10 millibars/40 millibars= . 25?100=25RH=25 % 6 Why was the comparative humidness in inquiry 2 higher than that calculated for inquiry 1. even though the sum of H2O vapour nowadays in the ambiance was less? Possibly because the capacity of the H2O vapour was a factor and thetemperature outside had an impact.Dry air will be denser or heavier than a column of air incorporating any H2O vapour. Use of the Sling Psychrometer The sling psychrometer is a simple. yet effectual instrument used to find comparative humidness. It does non. nevertheless. give a direct reading of comparative humidness. Psychrometric tabular arraies must be used to obtain the comparative humidness from the temperature informations provided by the psychrometer. In this portion of the lab. you will utilize the sling psychrometer and the psychrometric tabular arraies as demonstrated by the teacher. Use the informations you obtain to finish the chart below: Note: Care must be taken with these instruments. as they are really delicate and easy damaged. HUMIDITY DATA TABLE Temperature inside_70F____ Temperature outside_36F___ Time_8:20pm____ Explain the conditions conditions at the present clip: It is dark outside. cold. with a little zephyr. |LOCATIONS: |WET  °F |DRY  °F |DRY-WET  °F |DEW PT  °F | % R. H. | | |BULB |BULB | | | | | | | | | | | |Lab-kitchen |62 |76 |14 |51 |44 % | |Outdoors |38 |38 |0 |40 |40 % | |on pavement | | | | | | |Outdoors on a grassy area|32 |36 |4 |25 |63 % | |Outdoors under a tree |32 |36 |4 |25|63 % | |Parents Bedroom |56 |62 |6 |49 |68 % | |Hallway |52 |60 |8 |45 |58 % | |You pick a topographic point: My |56 |62 |6 |49 |68 % | |Bedroom | | | | | | Questions: 1 Remark on any differences noted in the comparative humidness values you determined for the assorted locations. Can you give any accounts for the differences? It is different how the RH compares in the hallway than my sleeping room or exterior. It seems like the bigger the spread in the dry-wet reading. the lower the comparative humidness will be. 2 How does air conditioning alter the comparative humidness of a room? Cooler air can non keep as much wet as warmer air. The procedure of chilling causes the wet to distill and run out out of the air conditioner. 3 How does heating a room alter the comparative humidness? The comparative humidness will travel down. if all you do is heat the room. As the temp goes up. so does the ability of the air to keep more H2O vapour. If you heat the room without adding H2O vapour. so the air is â€Å"drier† compared to what it could be. 4 Can you believe of any agents or fortunes that may do the commixture ratio in a room to alter? Possibly person is utilizing an air conditioner or a humidifier/ dehumidifier. 5 Given the fact that the molecular weight of H2O vapour is less than that of dry air. what affect does increasing humidness have on the denseness of the ambiance? Does this run counter to what your intuition tells you? Yes moist air is lighter than dry air. Subconsciously. this seems sort of dumb. because air incorporating H2O should be heavier than dry air. but the difference is so great that clouds ( contain droplets of wet every bit good as H2O vapour ) readily remain in the air. 6 How does comparative humidness affect the comfort of people? Can you explicate the physiological grounds for this? It makes people experience uncomfortable because when the humidness is higher. perspiration is less able to vaporize. doing a individual feel stickier and hotter. 7 The diurnal ( day-to-day ) relationship between temperature and humidness is such that the lowest humidness should happen in the afternoon hours. It is during these times. nevertheless. when it frequently seems to be most humid and uncomfortable. What could be the ground for this sensed incompatibility? During a warm yearss. we will experience humid because of the combination of high temperatures mixed with more H2O vapour in the air. When the temperature is warm. people exposed to this type of heat will sudate. It is the sudating procedure that we cool down. 8 When dew signifiers on out-of-door objects. can it be assumed that the ambiance is saturated? If so. why is at that place frequently no fog attach toing the dew? If the ambiance is the major beginning of wet ( dewfall ) . a certain sum of airing is needed to replace the vapour that is already condensed. I would believe that this can be assumed to be saturated since the wet forms the dew. There is no fog because the H2O vapour already is condensed into dew. Parts of this lab came from the lab â€Å"Humidity† from Mississippi State University’s Graduate Meteorology Department with permission.

Olympic Games Essay Example

Olympic Games Essay I. Introduction Thesis statement: Hosting Olympic Games in London are beneficial for the social and economic development of the host city and the whole region. II. Body A. The economic concerns of London 2012 are less obvious than business benefits from the games 1. Expenses on the Games a. 1976 Olympic Games as an example of financial disaster b. Ten times increase of original budget c. Increasing debt burden of London city 2. Economic benefits and legacy of London 2012 a. Direct revenues from hosting the Olympics according to LondonNet . Blakes analysis of Games’ influence on both GDP of London and UK c. Price Waterhouse Coopers report on the reasons of the growth d. Economic benefits of the Olympics to the tourism industry e. Economic forecast on tourism of VisitBritain f. Regeneration of the investment profile according to Matthewman B. The improvements of tourism and transport infrastructure will help to avoid promlems in this field and promote the development of the regi on 1. Additional load on Londons tourism infrastructure and transport systems a. British Hospitality Associations suggestion b. Threat to common Londoner’s way of life and business activity c. Criticism of transport system by IOC 2. Changes in the public transport system since the initial bid a. Olympic Javelin, and legacy of other improvements b. Impact of the regeneration of Stratford on infrastructure of east London c. Latest transport strategy of the Mayor d. ?2bn award of tourist revenue on infrastructural improvements C. The Games will promote social enhancements such as healthy lifestyle and cultural awareness . Brian Martins arguments against Olympic Games 2. Boris Johnson’s view on social and cultural impact of the Games 3. The impact of the Games according to London2012 III. Conclusion To conclude, the economic, social and non-material benefits of hosting Olympic Games in London obviously overweight the counter-evidences in the financial and infrastructure spheres. The debates about the necessity of the upcoming Summer Olympic Games in Lon don are widely discussed by politics and economists not only in Britain, but in the whole world. We will write a custom essay sample on Olympic Games specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Olympic Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Olympic Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This issue is very important because it helps to understand the fundamental motivations to host the Olympic Games as well as the other Mega events and evaluate their positive outcomes the host city and country without any bias. A variety of arguments, including the evaluation of the expenditures on this event, together with the social and infrastructural concerns, economic and social impact will be offered about this issue. It will then put forward reasons for hosting Summer Olympic Games in London in 2012 because of the benefits in both economic and social areas. It is often argued that hosting the Olympic Games is a very expensive step in terms of money spent on building infrastructure for both sportsmen and spectators of the Games. Now, many opponents of holding the Games say that the merely possible financial losses are the reason for cancellation of the Games. One of the most obvious intimidating examples of financial problems caused by such events are the 1976 Olympic Games, when poorly managed Games’ development caused the bankruptcy of the city when work had fallen far behind schedule, as well as the debts had been discharged only 30 years after the Games. Concerning London Games, there is a tendency of permanently increasing the budget of the games. As Lea notices the words of former 2012 Games chief (2008), London 2012 could cost ? 20billion, which is ten times original budget, incremented â€Å"because of the land and security issues†. So, these expenses may become unmanageable debts for London, especially considering the fact that private sector is reluctant to invest into the Games’ infrastructure since the beginning of the recession. Meanwhile, London has to increase its debt burden significantly due to the expenses on both crisis management and building infrastructure. However, there can be an array of economic benefits of hosting this event. Accordingly, the economic benefits include the direct revenues from the Olympics, economic growth because of the increased opportunities for private sector from the Games, increased skills of workforce because of volunteer programs, in addition to reviving tourism and investments. Direct revenues from holding Games, as the argument goes, are the most obvious and easily calculated; therefore these benefits were manifested beforehand. Namely, about â€Å"0. 75 billion pounds will be raised from the National Lottery†¦ and 0. billion pounds will came from the TOP The Olympic Sponsor Programme and the sale of TV rights, 0. 45 billion pounds will be collected via local sponsorship and official suppliers†¦ while 0. 3 billions will be funded from ticket sales revenues† (London Net, 2007). Besides the direct benefits, the possible impact of the Games on the GDP of London and UK can also be calculated to a certain degree. Blake (2005) made a comprehensive analysis of the economic consequences of London Olympics and suggested that the total UK GDP in the period from 2005 to 2016 might be increased by 1. billion pounds per year while London’s GDP would totally accrue 5. 9 billions pounds due to the influence of the Games and opportunities for businesses to use the new commercial space of the Olympic Park after the Olympics. Similarly, according to Price Waterhouse Coopers report (2005), 2. 1 billion pounds of extra revenue will be brought to the economy of UK by 7. 9 million spectators and up-skilling of 70,000 volunteers, in addition to the indirect revenues of private sector. Although, both of the sources note the importance of proper planning in order to achieve these goals and avoid the possible drawbacks. In addition, hosting Olympic and Paralympics Games means evident economic benefits to the tourism industry from both the enhanced publicity and image of the destination and virtually increased the number of the visitors. One example is the forecast of VisitBritain (2007), according to which the tourism gains due to the Olympic Games will generate 2. 34 billions pounds for the UK economy during the period 2007-17. Moreover, Stevens suggest that improper conduct of guests’ reception may lead to the losses for the industry, instead of the benefits. In addition to boosting tourism, London Olympics can also be a good opportunity for the regeneration of the investment profile of both London and UK. Matthewman, et al. , (2009) summarizes that holding Olympic Games increments the level of Foreign Direct Investment, and has a positive influence on longer term investment in the host city and region, because of improved infrastructure and increased perceptibility of the region. It is contented that transportation and tourism infrastructure will be overloaded because of Olympic Games in London. As this contention goes further, such mega event as Olympic Games always means the influx of sportsmen, journalists, specialists and the mere spectators of the event and London, one of the busiest cities in the world, has to be prepared for the additional load on its infrastructure, public transportation, as well as the general overcrowding of the Londons East End, the main area of the Olympic Games. In addition to the concerns over transportation system, there are some signs of the upcoming accommodation shortage during the Olympic Games. British Hospitality Association (2007) notes that London is going to face an evident shortage of hotel rooms to accommodate if special measures are not implemented. Because of this, many opponent of hosting the Games in London suggest that there can be infrastructure collapse in London during the Olympic Games; therefore Londoner’s habitual way of life and business is under the threat. The transport system and overcrowded hotels of London came in for criticism since the initial evaluation of International Olympic Committee, which is the reason why there are serious concerns about â€Å"how the public transport infrastructure in London will hold up to the influx of people†. Therefore, many critics put forward this argument and suggest that during two weeks of the 2012 Olympics traffic jams and overload of public transport will cause damage to business activity of the city and its image. However, the organizers of London 2012 had made profound changes in the public transport system since the initial bid, including the improvement and expansion of the London metro, as well as the high-speed rail service called Olympic Javelin (Hinton, 2009). All the improvements, as the argument is adduced furthermore, will be beneficial for London not only during the Olympic Games, but also after them. Hilton makes an emphasis on the huge impact of the infrastructural profound improvement or so called â€Å"the regeneration of Stratford† in east London, which propel economic and social activity in this underdeveloped district of the city. In addition, the experience of the latest events, such as Vancouver Olympics, also helped the officials in the enhancement of the public transport system, in addition to the hospitality industry, as Beard (2010) says. He also thinks that â€Å"thanks to the latest transport strategy issued by the Mayor†¦ London will be ready to host outstanding Games with progress of other key transport schemes already well underway†. Moreover, the appropriate and suited strategy for the Olympics 2012 now is supported by the majority the firms engaged in the tourisms industry. Furthermore, Stevens (2008) argues that estimated at ? 2bn award of tourist revenue to the capital will be brought to the economy, which help to improve tourism infrastructure on the condition that tourism and hospitality industry will not sacrifice long term steady growth to the momentary increase of the profits. Brian Martin, the prominent social activist suggest Olympic Games are unnecessary because of the social problems they enhance, including nationalism because competition between athletes is turned into competition between state, unhealthy competition, when the most competitors are ultimately losers, therefore the obsession with Olympic success undermines the goal of cooperative, participatory sport† and elitism of the Games. However, there are many sings that Olympic Games will bring advantages to the cultural and social development of the region and whole country, as Boris Johnson says. London 2012 Games are the good opportunity for promoting healthy lifestyle and increasing cultural awareness, in addition to giving the sense of unity to the British nation and the whole world. The mayor of London says: â€Å"My perfect 2012 legacy would be a leaner, fitter London via improving access to simple sports like football, swimming, and cycling that provides great physical exercise. In the same way, London Olympics 2012 is also used for the promotion of versatile UKs arts and culture. For this reason, as series of cultural events called â€Å"Cultural Olympiad† were arranged during the period of 2008 and 2012, where millions of people around the UK are engaged through the Inspire programme and Open Weekends. To add, the Cultural Olympiad will be climaxed in 2012, â€Å"bringing together leading artists from all over the world†. (London2012. com, 2010). These events, together with the atmosphere of the Olympic Games will create a unique phenomenon of the word unity during the two weeks and will give an opportunity to show the world all the positive sides of UK lifestyle and the potential of the British nation. Olympic Games Essay Example Olympic Games Paper The Olympic Games are a quadrennial event which dates back to 776BC, at the time of the ancient Greeks. The Games were originally held at Olympia along with festivals combining prayer, sacrifices, religious service, music, dancing and rituals all dedicated to the God, Zeus, (Coakley 2001). The events in those days were for the wealthy, young males and were of warrior nature such as boxing, wrestling, javelin throwing, sprinting and chariot racing, (Coakley 2001). Women were not allowed to compete in these early Olympics. Another event was created specifically for Women, dedicated to Hera, the sister-wife of Zeus and these were known as the Heraean Games. The modern day Olympic Games were revived by a man named Pierre De Courbetin in 1894. He formed a board of members in whom he trusted to organise and run the Olympic Games. This board of individuals was known as the International Olympic Committee, IOC. It was only possible to become a committee member by invitation from Pierre De Courbetin. In this way he ensured that he could select his committee from people whom he trusted. At the beginning, there were only 13 countries represented in the IOC. This compares to 118 members of the IOC in 1998, (Senn 1999). The modern day Olympic programme included many events which are still seen today. Events such as sprinting, long distance running and field events have always been included. Between the years 1912-1948, architecture, sculpture, painting, music and literature where also included, (Tomlinson and Whannel 1984).  As stated previously, the first of the modern Games took place in Athens in 1896. The event saw 311 male athletes compete, representing 13 different countries. At the 2000 Games in Sydney there were 6,435 male participants and 3,931 female participants, representing 203 countries, (Coakley 2001). We will write a custom essay sample on Olympic Games specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Olympic Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Olympic Games specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The intended aims of the modern day Olympics are for amateur athletes to promote development of physical and moral qualities, to create international respect and goodwill, and to understand that the taking part is more important that winning.  In the Olympic Games there have been many political incidents over the past century. The incidents have been for many different reasons including violation of the rules, political differences and through commercial aspects. Examples of this include repossession of medals, banning of nations, boycotts, terrorism and corruption to name a few and in more recent times cheating and drug abuse has been seen. The first incident that this essay will look at took place in 1912 at the Stockholm Games. Jim Thorpe was a decathlon gold medallist. When the IOC found out that he had been paid to play baseball three years earlier in his holidays he was disqualified as this infringed the amateur status of the Games.  However in January 1983, following an enquiry, he was reinstated as a gold medallist, (Tomlinson and Whannel 1984).  The 1936 Games were held in Berlin, Germany. At the Games Adolf Hitler banned all Jews from participating in the Games that year because of his anti-Jewish policy. Also at the 1936 Games a black US sprinter, Jesse Owens upset Hitler by winning four gold medals. Hitler was outraged and subsequently repossed these medals and denied Owens of his victories. Along with this, in the opening ceremony, the United States refused to give the Nazi salute to Hitler, while both the United Kingdom and France obliged. This may have been a contributing factor for Hitler to stripe Owens of his medals out of spite. After the 1940 Tokyo Games had been cancelled along with the 1944 Games due to World War II, London in 1948 also provided major controversy. The British Government banned Italy, Germany and Japan from competing in the Olympic Games due to their involvement in World War II. Germany had already previously been banned from competing in the 1924 Parisian Games due to their role in World War I.  In 1972 at the Munich Games Palistinian terrorist broke into the Olympic Village taking the Israeli athletes hostage. Eleven of these athletes were subsequently murdered as the rescue attempt went tragically wrong, (Epsy 1981). At the 1976 Montreal Games South Africa were banned from competing because they had banned all black athletes from participating in sport in South Africa.  Another political event was the boycott of the Moscow Games in 1980. The boycott of the Moscow Olympics is the most damaging of all the political actions that have affected the Olympics over the years, (Segrave and Chu 1981 p104). This was so because these Games saw a massive reduction in the number of competitors of one of the Super Nations and so the competitions did not reflect who was truly the best at the time. The American Government boycotted the Moscow Games in 1980 because the Russia had invaded Afganistan. In response to this Russia then retaliated four years later boycotting the Los Angeles Games in 1984, (Epsy 1981 and Tomlinson and Whannel 1984). The 1996 Atlanta Games were a big political showcase for America. The Games allowed the US to show how rich, powerful and prestigious America is. The Games which were known as the Coca-Colympics because of the official sponsor being Coca-Cola. Coincidently the head office of Coca-Cola is based in Atlanta, and Coca-Cola paid over $500m for this status, (Coakley 2001).  The aspect of female participation over the years has changed. Over the past century it is clear to see that there are inequalities for female participation. This can be seen at the turn of the century where in the 1896 Games in Athens there were no female participants at all. This has still not been fully rectified to date, with only 34% of the competitors at the 1996 Atlanta Games being female. Compare this to Sydney 2000, where still only 38% of competitors were female, (Coakley 2001).

The Problem of Hell Essays

The Problem of Hell Essays The Problem of Hell Essay The Problem of Hell Essay Essay Topic: Religion The existence of a place for those who are corrupt and sinful, a place so full of misery and pain, a home to agony for all eternity is frightful for anyone to imagine. It has many names and connections with religions the most common name in Western Christian culture is Hell. For centuries, this abode of the damned has put fear into the hearts of Christians, keeping them aligned with the ethical and moral view of their faith. While Hell is a very real problem for many Christians, perhaps it is not what it seems to be. It is an entirely different plane of existence from that which is most commonly thought of: the usual fire and brimstone, the crackle of eternal fires and demons that tirelessly torture souls for the rest of time. Richard Swinburne, Stephen T. Davis and Marilyn McCord Adams all have written articles interpreting who it is who is exiled to Hell, and what exactly Hell is. I agree with them for the most part with who is sent there, but I think that Hell is something much different than the traditional view that Christians hold. In Stephen T. Davis essay Universalism, Hell and the Fate of the Ignorant, he argues that while Universalism, the belief that all will be rescued, is a good idea it is not plausible. He is himself a Separationist; one who believes some will eternally be away from God. In his essay he takes the argument of the Universalist (the idea that through the atonement of Jesus, every person who has ever lived will ultimately be saved), identifying the good points of it, and then gives his critique. Next he takes the point of the separatist stating his case for that belief. He notes that God hates sin and sinners, and although this is plausible, it seems to be a contradiction of His eternal Love and Tolerance. It is also a common Christian belief that God hates the sin, but loves the sinner, and Davis seems to have missed this. But then Davis goes on to say the existence of Hell is a form of therapy to bring so called sinners closer to God through repentance and absolution. He thus says that the wrath of God is part of his overall strategy to bring the people back to Him. The Universalist believes that Hell is merely temporary, and will exist forever, for some have hardened their heart against God. This point is valid: some have had an incident or a tragedy that has turned them away from their faith, their God. Although Davis says God has, according to the Universalist, unlimited time and resources to bring these people back to Him; God will not force anyone into His Kingdom. He wants them to choose freely, and this is something that may cause a problem for some Christians their own free will. Davis makes a good argument for Universalism with the notion that true bliss in Heaven is difficult if a sanctified soul has a loved one in Hell. In Davis critique of Universalism, he notes that Separationists can also believe that God will save everyone. He also believes that Universalists misinterpret the texts, and that their view of Hell and its attachment to God and sin would cause the traditional outlook of salvation Christians have. Davis also notes that the interpretations are not viewed in the entirety of the scriptures and thus seem inconsistent with the testimony. Davis admits that he really likes the idea of total salvation for all, but cannot see the logical reasoning the Universalists have. Davis view on Hell is that it is a place where you are out of Gods light and love, separated from Him, but not totally, else it would not exist. Davis further explains that Hell is a place where the source of all joy, peace and love does not reach causing its inhabitants to be miserable and tormented. People are not sent to Hell, but rather, freely choose to live there out of Gods sight. God, in his infinite Love, allows Hell to exist for those who are ignorant of God so they will not be miserable in Heaven. Davis agrees that one can freely choose Hell over Heaven in they so wish. Hell, Davis explains, is consistent with Gods power and love, for He created Hell as a home for those who choose to ignore Him, and that is a showing of Love. Top address the philosophical points, Davis says that while God has the power to impose His will on humanity, he does not because then we would clearly be robotic with no free will. Some Christians believe that salvation is a matter of grace, in that we are all sinful but still God forgives us out of His love for us; we should be condemned, but are saved by this loving and merciful God. Davis makes a small mistake in his view of Separatism here, because this theory of Grace causes some inconsistencies in its line of belief. If an all-loving God cannot condemn us, then grace has no part of it either, and He is simply justly freeing us from an underserved punishment. He finally argues that while the Bible says that all go to God through Christ, it is not the final authority on all aspects of Christian belief and practice. It should be implied to take into account those born before Christ and those who have never encountered any form of Christianity. Davis makes many good points in his essay. His idea of Universalism is a good idea and allows for the chance of salvation in the end. Another good point is that Hell is a separation from God, and he explains that it is a place that people are miserable by being out of the reach of Gods love and light. His view that humanity has the free will to choose or reject God agrees with Christian teaching, however he thinks that Hell is merely an extension of Gods love. This would seem like an oxymoronic statement. Hell is an existence without God, and therefore cannot relate to Gods love whatsoever. Richard Swinburnes text Theodicy of Heaven and Hell discusses things in the context of the clearly good and the clearly bad (37). He makes reference to Catholicism in this paper, and says that to be admitted to Heaven one must have faith formed from a love of God. He also makes an interesting case for the people who were either born before Christianity or for those who have yet to hear Christs message. His point is that God should allow those who follow his ways and who live good lives into heaven whether they know Christs message or not. He further says that we do not choose our beliefs in the beginning, but outside influences force a change in them over time. This too may cause considerable stress on Christians who are looking, even if just for the sake of curiosity, at other religions and belief structures. He states that all those who seek truth be granted access to Heaven: whether they find truth or not is irrelevant. The attempt is all that is necessary. He poses the logical question of whether a loving and merciful God would share the bliss of Heaven with all, including the bad, or at least shape souls to become good and thereby gain admittance. The reality, it would seem, would be that a loving God would allow all into Heaven, but He would not shape a soul to do what He desires of them. This would take away mans free will, and a loving God would not do that. Swinburne tries to understand why a just God would seal a mans fate at his death, and so he makes a point to say that God does not do that. It would seem that he believes all souls can get to Heaven because God will not judge us. This would seem to be a contradiction to his earlier statement that only those who seek truth will enter Heaven. Christians may become confused by this and sense that they are going to Heaven no matter what, which is not what Swinburne is saying. He describes Heaven in placid terms that supreme happiness in Heaven is to know God, to have Him as your friend. This implies that God isnt your friend to begin with which seems absurd. He points out that Heaven is a home for good people, and not a reward for good actions. He also talks about mans free will, and that if God were to take that away, it would be detrimental to mans well-being and God cannot act in any contradictory way such as this. He makes an interesting comment that if God subjected sinners to an infinite amount of pain, physical and emotional, it would be inconsistent with His infinitely good nature. He really makes no mention of Hell within his essay, but more a guide to Heaven and its benefits. Swinburne does make references to Hell, but not to the circumstances which condemn a soul to damnation, nor to what it is actually like. This seems odd since he incessantly discusses Heaven. This article, while encouraging many to become better people, it fails to show that there is still a problem of a place where fear rules and chaos is as common as dew in the morning. In the article The Problem of Hell: A Problem of Evil for Christians, the author, Marilyn Adams presents her view that some people will be consigned forever to Hell, and that the Christians may be somewhat troubled by this theory. Nobody is safe, it would seem. Adams tackles the problem on two levels at the theoretical level, and the pragmatic level. She first discusses the logical impossibility of God and evil existing at the same time, but tells the readers of her essay that she will attempt to clarify the issue. According to many traditional theologians, she explains, Divine Sovereignty means that God has no bounds on whatever doctrine of salvation He has established. After all, He is Truth Himself! She further explains that God could negate our existence after death, that Hell is legislated as a temporary reform school for sinners to which they will afterwards be placed into an eternal Utopian environment (oxymoronic given that Utopia literally means no place in Latin). Adams explains that many Christians have a kind of free will defence. While God ultimately desires that all His children be saved, he has given man the ability to work out his own destinies for himself to be separate and yet one with God simultaneously. Damnation is not something God does to his creations, but rather something He allows to befall mankind for its actions. With regards to Divine Justice, she writes that God can, logically, never be unjust. Her reasoning follows from Anselms theory that God is not obligated to us in any way, since He is infinite in all aspects, and we are only finite. We are thus insignificant with regards to God. This is uncomforting given the thought that we may not have any value to Him. An interesting point of Adams is that because we are finite, we could not comprehend some things in their entirety. If we were to experience the agonies of Hell or the glorious bliss of Heaven for a finite period, we still could not understand the full extent of either plane. Adams makes mention of Anselms view that the severity of the sin is not only based on the actions of the individual, but also on the relationship that he has with God. Since God deserves nothing but worship, honour, respect and the like, any offence against Him is considered immeasurably indecent, and thus, infinitely offensive. Adams reply to this view is that fair to have consequences that greatly outweigh the offence of a created being. Human life all starts out helpless, weak and ignorant, and unable to make decisions. As a child grows, he constructs a view of the world and everything in it over time. His interaction with human nature and the environment forms as well. The habits we develop, she writes, become rooted in our personality like character traits or quirks, thus giving us individuality. These habits are acted out in an individuals life unintentionally, even though they could possibly cause suffering to themselves and to others before realizing it and attempting to make the arduous and emotionally painful change of spiritual reformation. Therefore, we are no more responsible at certain times in our lives (such as infancy) than children, and that God like a parent is the primary source of responsibility and He is culpable. This portrays God as an unfit parent one who is never available. This is a frightening thought. Another interpretation is that Hell is the consequence of human error. Adams makes a mention of Universalism. By removing the threat of Hell, people would lose their motivation to maintain their moral diligence. This is prevalent in modern society. The media and thus popular thought trivialize Hell and Satan, and sadly enough, God and Christ as well; the whole spiritual concept is foreign to a large portion of the population of the western world. These three authors seem to generally agree, and imply that while not everyone may go to Hell, still no one is truly good. To illustrate this point, Paul stated in Romans 3:10 and 3:13: And there is none righteous, no not one For all have sinned, and fall short of the Glory of God. It seems as if man has no choice but to wait and see what awaits him in the end. Davis and Adams present a conception of Hell while Swinburne avoids this issue. While the orthodox view is one of fire and brimstone, the Devil upon his throne of sulphur and skulls, and demons tormenting souls for eternity, this may seem somewhat excessive and a very Hollywood fabricated idea. It would seem more likely that Hell is simply living outside of the love of God, and that would be eternal sadness, and thus the fire and tormenting etc, may seem irrelevant. Anything we do here on earth affects our eternal standing with God, and those unjust and evil acts have adverse effects. Hell might be complete and utter darkness for all time with no feelings but those of agony, remorse, sadness and the likes. It is interesting to note that Dante, in his Divine Comedy presents Hell as icy cold: as far removed as possible from the source of all light and warmth. This is contrary to the conventional view of Hell, but it makes perfect sense. Satan eternally beats his bat-like wings in an attempt to free himself from the icy prison in which he is frozen, but the constant beating of his wings keeps the inner circle of Hell frozen. The ideas presented are not meant to trivialize and dumb down the idea of Satan and the brutality of Hell. Given Gods eternal love however to live without that love and joy would be punishment enough, and thus Hell.

Impacts of the California Drought

Impacts of the California Drought In 2015, California was once more taking stock of its water supply, coming out of the winter season in its fourth year of drought. According to the National Drought Mitigation Center, the proportion of the state’s area in severe drought had not significantly changed since a year before, at 98%. However, the proportion classified as under exceptional drought conditions leaped from 22% to 40%. Much of the worst hit area is in the Central Valley, where the dominant land use is irrigation-dependent agriculture. Also included in the exceptional drought category are the Sierra Nevada Mountains and a large swath of the central and southern coasts. There was much hope that the winter 2014-2015 would bring El Nià ±o conditions, resulting in above normal rainfall across the state, and deep snow at high elevations. The encouraging predictions from earlier in the year did not materialize. In fact, in late March 2015, the southern and central Sierra Nevada snowpack was only at 10% of its long-term average water content and only at 7% in the northern Sierra Nevada. To top it off, spring temperatures were quite above average, with record high temperatures observed all over the West. So yes, California is really in a drought. How Is the Drought Affecting the Environment? Energy: About 15 percent of California’s electricity is provided by hydroelectric turbines operating on large water reservoirs. Those reservoirs are abnormally low, reducing hydropower’s contribution to the state’s energy portfolio. To compensate, the state needs to rely more on non-renewable sources like natural gas. Fortunately, in 2015 utility-scale solar power reached new heights, now at 5% of California’s energy portfolio.Wildfires: California’s grasslands, chaparral, and savannas are fire-adapted ecosystems, but this prolonged drought is keeping the vegetation tinder dry and vulnerable to intense wildfires. These wildfires create air pollution, displace and kill wildlife, and damage property.Wildlife: While much of the wildlife in California can weather temporary dry conditions, a prolonged drought can lead to increased mortality and reduced reproduction. Drought is an additional stressor affecting endangered species already burdened by habita t loss, invasive species, and other conservation problems. Many species of migratory fish are endangered in California, notably salmon. Low river flows due to the drought reduce access to spawning grounds. People will also feel the effects of the drought. Farmers in California are heavily dependent on irrigation to grow crops like alfalfa, rice, cotton, and many fruits and vegetables. California’s multi-billion dollar almond and walnut industry is particularly water intensive, with estimates that it takes 1 gallon of water to grow a single almond, over 4 gallons for a single walnut. Beef cattle and dairy cows are raised on forage crops like hay, alfalfa, and grains, and on vast pastures that require rainfall to be productive. Competition for water needed for agriculture, domestic use, and aquatic ecosystems, are leading to conflicts over water use. Compromises need to be made, and again this year large swaths of farmland will remain fallow, and the fields that are farmed will be producing less. This will lead to price increases for a wide variety of foods. Is There Some Relief in Sight? On March 5, 2015, meteorologists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration finally announced the return of El Nià ±o conditions. This large scale climate phenomenon usually is associated with wetter conditions for the western U.S., but due to its late spring timing, it did not provide enough moisture to relieve California from drought conditions. Global climate change throws a good measure of uncertainty in forecasts based on historical observations, but perhaps some comfort can be taken by looking at historical climate data: multi-year droughts have happened in the past, and all have eventually subsided. El Nià ±o conditions have subsided  during the 2016-17 winter, but a number of powerful storms are bringing a copious amount of moisture in the form of rain and snow. It wont be until later that we will really know if its enough to bring the state out of the drought. Sources: California Department of Water Resources. Statewide Summary of Snow Water Content. NIDIS. US Drought Portal.

Career Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Career Response - Essay Example The talk was very short but had very detailed information. It talked about the culture of welcoming visitors. It only took 16.19 minutes to provide a wealth of information that had an intuitive influence on choosing the career on hotel management. The information given on the Tedtalk was very objective. The culture of welcoming was the main message based on her experience she went through. It started with how Smith got herself in a small home where she was given a very warm and hospitable welcome. Then the way she developed interest in the hospitality industry is very endearing and full of inspiration. In her explanation, she was very captivating on explaining how to be warm to visitors and being happy even when frustrated. Happiness is the culture that employee in hospitality should pass down to the customer. The presentation was well inculcated with a brief history of the industry of hospitality. Another interesting aspect of the talk was the use of statistics. It increased the believability of the talk. A very endearing statistic used was that 70% of American workers are not unhappy disengaged or disinterested with their jobs. It made the entire talk very appealing and invoked the interest of joining the field since I felt I will be joining the 70% of the happy American work force in the hotel management. The Tedtalk had power of igniting dormant ambitions of anyone to the field of hospitality. I have personally learned a lot from the talk. First how the culture of care has a profound effect on the industry of hospitality. The hotel management take more of caring and being happy to the customer and every chance to be endearing to customers. Secondly, I have learned being kind in every one because everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle. As an aspiring manager, I will be kind to any employee even if he or she is misbehaving because they could be

Leadership and Ethics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership and Ethics - Coursework Example The integrated model provides numerous benefits to major organizations. The transformational model applies in departments that have a high level of communication. In this model, the leaders encourage their employees to enhance their productivity as well as their efficiency in production through communication of tasks to be performed and thereafter providing rewards when they accomplish the set goals. The rewards take the form of bonuses, salary increments. Alternatively, when employees fail to meet their goals they are given lenient punishments (Starratt, 2004). The leadership style often requires full participation of all levels of management to ensure success. The top management is in charge of decision-making and policy formation. The middle and lower level management are in charge of providing necessary recommendations to top management to facilitate decision-making. Moreover, they are in charge of training employees, evaluating employee performance and correcting any production problems. In most cases, the low level management delegates authority to employees as well as group employees into production teams to evaluate their group performance (Walter, 2009). Ultimately, the leadership style focuses on organizational goals and delegation of small tasks employee group leaders to accomplish them. Successful organizations have therefore integrated sustainable excellence in their business strategies. Most successful leadership policies have implemented the V model in developing internal sytsems. In this regard, the organization focuses on p roduct/project life cycle where results are obtained during the product development. This involves integrating the project definition and project testing and implementation within limited time. Project definition involves conception of operations, identification of project requirements and

Science and Technology Essay Example for Free

Science and Technology Essay Although Kerala had been existing from pre-historic times under various other names like Malabar, Malankara, Malayalam, Chera-nad, Cheralam, etc. it had not been a single political unit ever. The narrow strip of land, forming Kerala was divided into a number of small princely states till 1956, when various regions inhabited by Malayalam-speaking people, were unified. Even though, people in this territory dreamed of a single, united political unit for a long time, realization of that dream was impossible in earlier centuries, as different dynasties and local war-lords and European empire-builders, kept the land divided. Boundaries of the princely states changed, as wars between them were frequent. Thus, Kerala, throughout its history had been a divided land till half-a-century ago. Kerala being geographically isolated from the rest of India due to the long mountain range along its eastern border (The Western Ghats), had never become an integral part of any of the numerous empires and kingdoms which ruled the rest of India. Invaders like Hyder and Tipu Sulthan could not succeed in conquering the entire stretch of land and make it part of their empire. Cholas and Pandyas also could not keep Kerala under their power for long. Europeans also could possess only portions of Kerala, under them for limited periods. Thus, there never was a unified Kerala, as a political entity, in the long history of India, till unification in modern times. When finally it happened, unification of Kerala was enforced. Travancore wanted to become an independent nation with sovereignty – a sovereign state, fully self – governing and independent in foreign affairs. Advocating an American model government, Travancore had declared independence unilaterally just before the British granted freedom to India. But, that dream of a separate country in the Indian sub – continent, did not become a reality. Other princely states in India also had to abandon their dreams similarly. Under the new set-up that was emerging in India, all princely states had to give up their claims to sovereignty and merge with the Indian Union. So, under pressure, Travancore and Cochin princely states were unified in 1949. And it was made a state in the Republic of India on 26 January 1950. Still, only about half of Kerala was unified. The other half, called Malabar Revenue Division, continued to be part of Madras state, till re-organization of states on the basis of language, was carried out on 1 November 1956. Formation of modern Kerala, on the basis of the language (Malayalam) spoken in the territory,  was thus an enforced affair. Even though the privileged people in the old regimes tried to resist the unification and formation of Kerala, the majority of the people welcomed it.

Hesiod’s Theogony :: Hesiod’s Theogony

Hesiod’s Theogony Hesiod writes his Theogony within the context of the nascent polis, which informs his conception of the Greek pantheon. The generations of gods that he portrays begin with the elements of nature and move steadily toward fully anthropomorphic figures, which represent elements corresponding to the experience of the city-state. In Hesiod’s time, the polis was led by a king, or kings, and the rule of Zeus that Hesiod portrays serves as an example of royal rule for them. Toward the end of the Theogony Zeus is urged by the other gods to be king, to rule the other immortals, and to follow the advice of Gaia. And so he apportions honors among them (881-5). Hesiod suggests that royal power results from the assent of the ruled, that it entails the right to rule, but that that rule must be tempered by recognition of the significance of nature, earth, which provides society’s livelihood. Zeus swallows the goddess Metis (890), just as a king must gain intelligence. Then he marries Themis, right, who bears good rule (Eunomia), justice (Dike) and peace (Eirene) (901-2), all necessary elements for a prosperous city-state. Eurynome (straight law) bears him the Graces (Charites), which are necessary elements for trade and social interaction. Zeus’ marriages to Demeter, Leto and Hera yield the gods and goddeses familiar to the Greek world, Persephone, Apollo, Artemis, Hebe, Ares and Eileithyia, and he himself eventually bears Athena (912-24). These are not elements of good rule, but simply the gods of the Greek polis. Demeter and Persephone are worshipped for agriculture, Apollo for his oracular shrine, Artemis for the wilderness and young women, Ares for war. Poseidon as sea god is apart from the polis, but he sires the fearsome Triton (931). Likewise, Ares’ children Phobos and Deimos, two aspects of fear, delineate realms beyond the proper bounds of the polis. Maia bears for Zeus Hermes (938-9), who as herald of the gods moves between realms, between one polis and another. The story of succession that arrives at the rule of Zeus moves from the undifferentiated Sky (Ouranos), through Kronos to Zeus, who himself must withstand the challenges of both Prometheus and Typhoeus.

Minimum wage versus Earned Income Tax Credit

Minimal pay versus Earned Income Tax CreditAbstractionMinimal pay can be defined as the smallest hourly pay rate that a staff member paid as authorized by federal jurisprudence. The pay rate was ab initio verified by corporate bargaining by authorities regulations and ordinance, saying the lowest rate at which workers may be employed. A legal minimal pay rate is one permitted by authorities for all staff members in a society, with little figure of freedoms. In other words, lower limit pay is the least dollar sum that company must pay to non-exempt staff members per hr, as permitted by local, province or federal jurisprudence. Most of the companies pay to the workers by hourly rate or in some other manner like on committee footing. However, in any instance, the sum of dollar that qualified staff members earn, divided by the entire hours that they worked, must be tantamount to the current minimal pay rate. Earned income revenue enhancement recognition is a revenue enhancement recognition for employees gaining low incomes. Even employees whose incomes are so low to hold paid revenue enhancements can acquire earned income revenue enhancement recognition. The thought is to diminish the income revenue enhancement that for certain low-income tax-payers would otherwise be indebted. It is a refundable sum of recognition ; hence if the revenue enhancement that is outstanding is less than the sum of the recognition, the difference is paid to the taxpayer as a refund. To run into the standards for the earned income revenue enhancement recognition, a taxpayer must work and gain less than the authorities ‘s bound for registering position and household fortunes, convene a set of peculiar state of affairss, and register the needed IRS programs.Minimal pay versus Earned Income Tax CreditMinimal pay can be defined as the smallest hourly, day-to-day or monthly pay that employers may legitimately pay to employees or staff members. Systematically, it is the lowest pay at which employees may sell off their labor. Even though minimal pay regulations are in consequence in a great many governments, there are unsimilarities of sentiment about the net incomes, benefits and disadvantages of a minimal pay. The follower of the minimal pay say that is enhances or increases the populating criterion of employees and this will certainly cut down the per centum of poorness. Whereas, rivals say that if it is more than plenty to be effectual, it increases the ratio of unemployment, specifically among employees with really low productiveness because of rawness or disability, in that manner to aching lesser skilled workers to the benefit of better skilled workers. Minimal rewards were ab initio planned as a manner to form the detonation of perspiration stores in fabrication industries. The perspiration stores provide services to big population of adult females and immature workers, reimbursing them what were judged to be unsatisfactory rewards. Nowadays, lower limit pay Torahs cover up employees in most low-paid countries of employment. Even though, the aims of the minimal pay are loosely admitted as proper, there is great disagreement as to whether the minimal pay is much effective in accomplishing its aims. From the clip of their debut, lower limit pay Torahs have been highly controversial politically, and have received less aid and support from economic experts as compared to the general populace ( Neumark, & A ; Wascher, 2008 ) . Earned income is a scientific and practical term defined by the United States revenue enhancement codification. The below mentioned are the chief beginnings for the earned income: – rewards, wages, tips, committees from outside beginnings and other nonexempt employee compensation – net incomes from self-employment – sum income received as a statutory employee – less population of disablement payments – non-taxable battle wages which an associate of the United States armed services opts to include entirely for the motivation of earned income revenue enhancement recognition computation. Earned income revenue enhancement recognition shortly known as EITC or EIC, is a refundable revenue enhancement recognition, it is agencies tested, and planned to back up low-income employees of staff members and equilibrate the load of United States paysheet revenue enhancements. In other words, it is a refundable federal income revenue enhancement recognition for little to sensible income working individuals and households. Initially, Congress granted the revenue enhancement recognition statute law in 1975 in portion to counterbalance the burden and load of societal security revenue enhancements and to offer an inducement to work. When earned income revenue enhancement recognition goes beyond the sum of outstanding revenue enhancements, the effects in a revenue enhancement refund to those who claim and measure up for the recognition. To run into the standards for earned income revenue enhancement recognition, you must hold earned income from employment, self-employment or any other resource and acquire together specific regulations and ordinances. Additionally, you must either run into the excess regulations for staff employees or workers without a measure uping kid or have a child that convenes all the Qualifying Child Rules for you ( Meyer, & A ; Holtz-Eakin, 2002 ) . As, we have discussed about the basic debut of both footings, now, we can make up one's mind which does more for households holding low incomes? Raising the minimal rewards or bettering the earned-income revenue enhancement recognition, a hard currency fillip to be paid to workers gaining low-incomes. – By raising the minimal pay to 47.25, approximately 18 % of the 12 million members of staff who were paid between the current minimal pay and $ 7.24 an hr rate were in households that had hard currency income under the federal poorness in 2004. All of the employees come under that pay scope, instead than they received the sum of $ 7.25 per hr, they would hold gotten about $ 11 billion in excess rewards in the same twelvemonth. About 15 % of those excess and extra rewards ( $ 1.6 billion ) would hold been received by employees in hapless households. – Making better the earned income revenue enhancement recognition ( EITC ) : It all depends on how accurately Congress altered the jurisprudence, surely, by increasing revenue enhancement credits for childless workers and by besides increasing the credits for households with three or more childs, would hold cost up to $ 2.4 billion in 2004, with employees in households under the poorness line having $ 1.4 billion of the same. The basic thought of both constructs is, households who received fewer sums would hold received a maximal revenue enhancement recognition, and those persons who earned more sums would hold received a smaller sum of revenue enhancement recognition. Families whose revenue enhancement recognition crosses the sum of revenue enhancement owed in world receive a cheque from the authorities for the difference. The earned income revenue enhancement recognition is fundamentally the same as a negative income revenue enhancement, excepting that the eligibility for the plan is restricted to the persons who work. Similar to the statement, both the negative income revenue enhancement and the minimal pay, the earned income revenue enhancement recognition topographic points extra income into the custodies of employees who worked at low rewards. However, unlike the lower limit pay, the earned income revenue enhancement recognition makes no inducement for employers to put off low-wage staff members ( F rank, & A ; Bernanke, 2007 ) .DecisionAs we have clearly discussed about both subjects, lower limit pay and earned income revenue enhancement recognition. We believe that the minimal pay is merely the 2nd best option to the earned income revenue enhancement recognition and other displacement to the worker belongs to the hapless household. I believe that the traditional analysis of the lower limit pay has a reasonable sum and an person would truly hold a penchant to see more transportation payments to people, who are working and less attempts to carry through the same aim through regulative decree.MentionsFrank, Robert H. , & A ; Bernanke, Ben S. ( 2007 ) .Principles of economic sciences. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited. Neumark, David, & A ; Wascher, William L. ( 2008 ) .Minimum rewards. Massachusetts, USA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Meyer, Bruce D. , & A ; Holtz-Eakin, Douglas. ( 2002 ) .Making work wage: the earned income revenue enhancement recognition and its impact on America ‘s households. New York, USA: Russell Sage Foundation Publications.

Riordan’s Manufacturing Strategy

The Ordain Manufacturing Company utilizes the level strategy for their manufacturing and production planning. The process begins with the raw materials that are received by the receiving team who ensure all necessary materials are accounted for and this team moves the raw materials to the factory. The receiving supervisor then compares shipping documents against scheduled incoming orders for processing. These orders are then received by the inventory clerk and this person enters the information related to the raw materials receipts into the inventory system.The level strategy is beneficial for Ordain because they are able to maintain a stable workforce at all times, working at a constant output rate. This strategy offers a schedule that keeps the finished product moving at the same rate throughout the production cycle. Ordain can continuously produce their products equal to the average demand of the goods. In addition, employees benefit from this strategy because they are guaranteed stable work hours and the costs of potentially decreased customer service levels and Increased Inventory costs, (Jacobs, F. R. & Chase, R. , 2011). Forecasting Technique and ProcessThe quantitative forecasting technique Is the most practical for Ordain Manufacturing to utilize to determine the future sales for their electric fans. Quantitative forecasting Is a statistical technique for making projections using data and prior experiences to predict those future sales based on past trends. (Observationally. Com, 2014). Radian's China plant prepares Its own forecast of electric fan sales that take place throughout the world. Their make-TCL;-order stock process forecasts Its demand for the fans based on the average sales In the previous three years and anticipate the same for upcoming years.

Films with the Typical Hitchcock Style essays

Films with the Typical Hitchcock Style essays Over the course of the semester, we have seen thirteen different films by director Alfred Hitchcock. In viewing these films, we have analyzed and interpreted virtually every aspect of them to understand what Hitchcock is trying to do and say. In doing so, we have been able to establish certain patterns in Hitchcock's work. These patterns are the building block of film analysis. We first look for patterns in individual movies to draw conclusions about that movie, and then we look for patterns over the course of a director's career to draw conclusions about that director. The purpose of this paper will be to identify the components of the typical Hitchcock movie based on the patterns we have identified throughout this semester. A good place to start is with the kinds of stories that Hitchcock tells. Without a story, there is no movie, and the typical Hitchcock film would have a very outlandish and exotic storyline. In Hitchcock's movies, all of a sudden relatively normal people find themselves involved with murder, assassination attempts, and espionage. In The Lady Vanishes, Iris, who is in search of Miss Froy, gets tangled up in a plot to smuggle international spy secrets back to England. In Shadow of a Doubt, little Charlie has to come to terms with the fact that her favorite Uncle is a murderer. In The Man Who Knew Too Much, Ben and Jo get mixed up in an assassination plot. Finally, in The Birds, the town of Bodega Bay has to cope with unprovoked attacks by the local birds. These are just four but there is nary a film we have watched that does not involve out of the ordinary events. Hitchcock uses these storylines to relay a number of themes to his audience. Over his career Hitchcock has explored many different themes through his work, but I would like to take a look a just two of the themes that we might well find in the typical Hitchcock film. The first theme that we would likely see is that "shit happens" for no reason wha...

Using the Spanish Word Mucho in the Right Context

Using the Spanish Word Mucho in the Right Context Like its English cognate, or related word linguistically, much, the Spanish word  mucho conveys the idea of something being great in quantity or degree. Like English,   mucho can be used as an adverb, adjective or pronoun. Mucho As an Adverb As an adverb, mucho is frequently translated as much or a lot. Unlike when it is used as adjective and pronoun, the word mucho does not change with gender or number. It can change when it used as an adverb before adjectives or other adverbs to mean very, in that case, the word  mucho  is shortened to  muy. However,  mucho  is used when it stands alone to mean very, as in answering a question:  Ã‚ ¿Ests  cansada? Sà ­, mucho, which means,  Are you tired? Yes, very. Spanish Sentence English Translation Fernando habla mucho y dice poco. Fernando talks a lot and says very little. En invierno nieva mucho en los Alpes. In the winter it snows a lot in the Alps. Derek Jeter es mucho mejor de lo que fue Lou Gehrig. Derek Jeter is much better than what Lou Gehrig was. Mi mam me ama mucho. My mother loves me a lot. El iPhone es mucho ms que un telfono. The iPhone is much more than a telephone. Mi ta es muy inteligente. My aunt is very intelligent. Mucho As an Adjective As an adjective, mucho must agree with the noun it refers to in number and gender. It is typically translated as much, a lot of or too many; in plural form, it typically means many or a lot of. Spanish Sentence English Translation He odo que las naranjas tienen mucho azcar. I have heard that oranges have a lot of sugar. Beber mucha leche entera puede provocar sobrepeso. Drinking a lot of whole milk can cause [a person to be] overweight. Twitter tiene muchos usuarios internacionales. Twitter has many international users. Tras su gobierno Schwarzenegger tiene muchas opciones. After his governorship, Schwarzenegger has many options. En el mundo hay muchos millones de personas expuestas al riesgo de erupciones volcnicas. Worldwide there are many millions of people exposed to the risk of volcanic eruptions. Mucho As a Pronoun When it functions as a pronoun, mucho means  a large amount of  and it  must agree in gender and number with the noun it substitutes for. Spanish Sentence English Translation Normalmente, hay cera en los odos, pero cuando hay mucha, puede ser necesario que el mdico la remueva. Normally, there is wax in the ears. But when there is a lot, it can be necessary that the doctor remove it. (Mucha refers to cera, which is singular and feminine.) Para recibir mucho, es necesario dar mucho. In order to receive much, it is necessary to give much. Hay muchos que pierden su vida buscando una perfeccin que nunca se llega a encontrar. There are many who waste their lives looking for a perfection that never shows up to be found. (Muchos is gender neutral and plural.) Muchas quieren ser como Marilyn Monroe. Many want to be like Marilyn Monroe. (Muchas likely refers to women and/or girls.)

Business Ethics - Hiring, Firing, and Discrimination (U4DB) Essay

Business Ethics - Hiring, Firing, and Discrimination (U4DB) - Essay Example This pictures employers recruiting people to join in their companies. Employers open their doors to women and minorities for them to use their skills and education, and maintain their status without pressuring them to compete with males and the majorities in terms of capabilities, ethnicity, education, religion, and social status. These remedies go with the three moral philosophies based on consequences, rights, and duties. Employers must be well aware that people need to be given equal opportunities to work. It is immoral if discrimination in the workplace still exists because it hinders job applicants to land in jobs, and be productive. Every individual has his own right to be respected by others. This coincides with the rights philosophy that by respecting the rights of women and minorities, the moral act is being practiced as well. In relation to the rights philosophy, employers must faithfully adhere with the policies against discrimination by considering the remedies mentioned above. This is their duty as employers in hiring applicants. In conclusion, women and minorities have many things to offer beyond their education. They have incomparable skills that will fit into jobs in the market today. All they need are chances. The three moral philosophies are consistent with the remedies established by various organizations to address discrimination. They seem to be appropriate forms of remedy against discrimination with women and minorities trying to find a living to support their families. Policies established by various organizations aim to protect the rights of every woman, and any member of the minority

Social Netwoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Netwoking - Essay Example Nowadays joining websites such as Facebook and Myspace have become a norm for the whole society. Increasingly it is seen that the younger generation is being diverted to these networking habits. Social networking has become a topic of debate these days as it is seen that many researches are being carried out to find out the pros and cons of it. This essay would revolve around the pros and cons of social networking and would present a conclusion as to what should be done with regard to the problems that it actually poses (University of Minnesota 2008). The stigma of social networking is spread all over the world to places like Pakistan and India. It has been found that social networking has many benefits when it comes to the younger generation. A study done by the researchers of University of Minnesota concluded that around 94 percent of the people use internet in which around 77 percent of them had a profile on a social networking site. The research found out the positives of social networking and related it to the skills of technology. It has been found that social networking helps in increasing technological skills along with creativity. A researcher was stated as saying â€Å"What we found was that students using social networking sites are actually practicing the kinds of 21st century skills we want them to develop to be successful today† (University of Minnesota 2008). These social networking sites can help the educators to inform the younger generation about possible topics through these social networking sites. The educators can use these social networking sites as a tool to inform and educate their audience in a way that an interest is created amongst the students (Warner 2008). Another positive of social networking websites lies in the communication that it may provide in times of emergency. Researchers have found out that these networking sites can prove to be a great tool for the transmission of information from one area to the other. In natur al disasters such as earthquakes or human influenced disasters one can easily transmit information on these social networking websites faster than the traditional media. It can help in the diffusion of information from one area to another so that everyone is informed about the calamity. It is also found that the social networking websites such as Facebook have allowed disaster management organizations to work on the website so that they can create awareness amongst the masses of the society (Inderscience Publishers 2010). Social networking also helps people to integrate with the society if they are suffering from problems. People who are suffering from social diseases such as autism are at ease when talking on the internet. Thus these social networking websites provide an advantage to these socially impaired people to talk and get engaged in conversations. It has also been found that social networking is helping people to communicate easily. While social networking has its own benef its it also has certain disadvantages which should be kept in mind when analyzing these portals. The most potent drawback of these websites is that of privacy when it comes to certain issues. It is seen that these social networking websites do not have strict privacy settings when it comes to its users. A research found that personal information of users is leaked out to the websites which help in tracking the users. A social networking

UK education investment is going to be cut while the tuition fees will Dissertation

UK education investment is going to be cut while the tuition fees will be triple , discuss the impacts on domestic students - Dissertation Example Using a questionnaire, the present study assessed how the cutting down of the investment in the educational sector by the UK government has tripled the tuition fee and influenced domestic students in the UK. The results suggested that there will be neither a positive influence nor a negative influence on the student participation rate in the higher education, while there will be a significant impact on the overall academic performance due to term time employment and pressures of the debt and enrollment decisions of students to pursue higher education. The results further indicated that there was a positive relationship between higher levels of education and annual wages and the fact that students acquiring higher education tend to find employment far more easily as compared to those without higher education. The findings also suggested that higher education offered better opportunities for promotion and superior living standards in the future. In conclusion, the research offered an i nsight into the policies and programmes that could be initiated by policy makers and higher education institute to accommodate the students and provide them with the best possible education. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 8 1.1 Outline 8 1.2 Context 10 1.3 Research Aims 12 1.4 Research Questions 13 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 14 2.1 Tuition Fee and Student Participation Rate 14 2.2 Tuition Fee and Students’ Enrollment Decision 15 2.3 Tuition Fess and Persistence of Degree 17 2.4 Tuition Fee and Academic Performance 18 2.5 Higher Education and Future Benefits 22 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 25 3.1 Sample 25 3.2 Sampling Strategy 25 3.3 Data Collection Methods 26 3.3.1Triangulation 26 3.3.2 Quantitative Research 26 3.3.2.1 Questionnaire 27 3.3.3 Qualitative Research 28 3.3.3.1 Qualitative Interview 28 3.3.4 Secondary Data 29 3.4 Data Analysis 29 3.4.1 Percentages 30 3.5 Methodological Limitations 30 3.6 Ethics 31 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND FINDINGS 32 DISCUSSION 35 CHPATER 5 RECO MMENDATIONS AND CONLUSION 40 5.1 Recommendations 40 5.2 Conclusion 41 CHAPTER 6 RETROSPECTIVE 42 6.1 What went well? 42 6.2 Limitations 42 REFERENCES 44 APPENDIX 52 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Sample of Students 59 Table 2 Age Group (in years) 60 Table 3 Household Income 61 Table 4 Level of Programme 62 Table 5 Host Univeristy 63 Table 6 Tuition Fee 64 Table 7 How are you funding your studies? 65 Table 8: Do you think the investment cutting will have an influence on the particpation rate (number of partcipants) of domestic students in educational programs. There will be a descrease in the participation rate (number of particpants) of domestic students in educational programs? 66 Table 9 Do you think high tuition fees will lead to students load increase significantly? 67 Table 10 Do you think the high tuition fee will have an impact on the number of hours students work per week? 68 Table 11 Do you think student performance in their respective educational programs will be influenced signif icantly by cut in investment? 69 Table 12 Do you think the number of current students will drop off after the tuition fees rise? 70 Table 13

Presidency of James Madison

Presidency of James Madison Liliana Martinez The presidency of James Madison was one which many people have disagreeing points of view on. Some think he was not one of our greater presidents because he let the United States fall into the conflict known as the war of 1812. Others think that Madisons presidency was a good one because he led America out of the war of 1812 and united the country. The presidency of James Madison while not being one of the greatest of all the presidents was still above average as a president because of Madisons involvement as the Father of the Constitution, Federalist Papers and presidency overall. Born in 1751, Madison grew up in Orange County, Virginia. He was the oldest of 12 children, seven of whom lived to adulthood. In 1769, he attended the College of New Jersey. In 1776, he is a member and attend the Virginia Convention. From 1780-1783 he is a member of Continental Congress. Then from 1884-1886, he becomes a member of the Virginia Legislature. In 1787, he is a member of the Constitutional Convention. Then from 1789-1797 he is a member of the House of Representatives. Later in1801-1809, he is Secretary of State under Jefferson. His first term of office was in 1809. The War of 1812 was the second war for independence, the U.S vs. o Great Britain. There was later the Embargo Act of 1807, and the Bank of the United States in 1816. He became known as the Father of the Bill of Rights and he also published the Federalist Papers. He was a big help in writing the constitution, he made big contributions to help create and shape America. When the U.s faced the war of 18182, he secured U.S sovereignty for generations to come. He also became. co-Founder of the Democratic-Republican party. And in spite of obstacles, however, America had an impressive strength, particularly in its naval fleets. Little by little, they claimed victories over their opponents. Finally, in 1815, the war ended with the Treaty of Ghent. Neither parties of the war gained new territories, but many historians agree that Americans view the War of 1812 to be the second greatest war that ensured their independence. Madisons presidency ended with his retirement in 1817, when he was 65 years old. Having been such a significant persona in America, James Madison left a legacy that the country will not forget. Dozens of landmarks, towns, cities, institutions, and natural resources have been named after him. His portrait was also featured in the US $5,000 bill. But the true legacy of James Madison was the change of the course of history that millions are now benefiting from. As one of the Founding Fathers, he was part of the birth of America as a nation. As the Father of Constitution, he ensured that this nation would become whole, united, and most of all, in the hands of the people. And as a huge force behind the Bill of Rights, he empowered and inspired the people. James Madisons legacy isnt contained in the United States , they rippled throughout the world. With that, he was indeed a great President. Yes, he had both domestic and foreign policy accomplishments. His domestic accomplishments were he Co-authored the Federalist Papers and was instrumental in the drafting of the Constitution and Bill of Rights, he helped establish the Democratic-Republican Party with Jefferson, and renewed the charter for the Bank of the United States to raise funds for the War of 1812. He then had his foreign policy which was signed Macons Bill No.2, which repealed the Non-Intercourse Act and allowed French and English goods on American ships as long as trade rights were respected, led the nation into the War of 1812 after the failure of diplomatic protests and a trade embargo against Britain. Overall, the policies helped America succeed sand improve its conditions for a stronger and more reliable nation. Sources http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/james-madison https://millercenter.org/president/madison/life-before-the-presidency http://www.american-presidents-history.com/james-madison-timeline.html http://www.presidential-power.org/presidencies-timelines/james-madison-presidency-timeline.htm https://millercenter.org/president/madison/impact-and-legacy http://totallyhistory.com/james-madison/

Essay on A Society of Oppression in A Handmaids Tale -- Handmaids Ta

A Society of Oppression in A Handmaid's Tale      Ã‚   As the saying goes, 'history repeats itself.' If one of the goals of Margaret Atwood was to prove this particular point, she certainly succeeded in her novel A Handmaid's Tale. In her Note to the Reader, she writes, " The thing to remember is that there is nothing new about the society depicted in The Handmaiden's Tale except the time and place. All of the things I have written about ...have been done before, more than once..." (316). Atwood seems to choose only the most threatening, frightening, and atrocious events in history to parallel her book by--specifically the enslavement of African Americans in the United States. She traces the development of this institution, but from the perspective of a different group of oppressed people: women.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like the institution of slavery, women in Gilead were enslaved through biblical justifications. According to the Commanders, God intended the ultimate power to be in the hands of man, not only because man was created first, but also because it was woman's temptation that expelled them both from the Garden of Eden. Women, therefor, must be controlled by man. Slave traders and owners also justified the enslavement of Africans, arguing that slave labor existed extensively in the Bible (Jews were enslaved by the Egyptians, for example), and therefor God did not condemn the institution. Once a master acquires slaves, or a Handmaid, he must rule over them effectively, to assure that they will meet his needs. To so, the term "human" must be taken out of consideration (for that may evoke some sort of pity or compassion) and replaced with the term "it"--detonating property. This is clearly demonstrated when Offred reflects on the ... ...at the top of the underground railroad...Canada's position would be to do what she always does: try to remain neutral without antagonizing the superpower to the south," (320).      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After reading The Handmaid's Tale, one may conclude that Margaret Atwood is not simply feeding her readers history, but rather warning them of our future. We may, for example, see modern day oppression in homosexuals. Various religious groups doom them to Hell, rights are taken away from them (the right to marry, for example)...the list goes on. As Atwood says of The Handmaid's Tale, "The novel exists for social examination..." (316). One can only hope that our history of social oppression will cease to repeat itself if only we can learn from the past.    Works Cited Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaid's Tale. New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., 1986.

People and culture Essay

In this essay I am going to compare to poems present people and culture. Whether it be using words, imagery or the tone of the poem. The two poems I will be comparing are ‘What were they like’ by Denise Levertov and ‘presents from my aunts in Pakistan’ by Moniza Alvi. Both people consider the prospect of loosing a culture but the will loose them in different ways to each other, through war and the pressures of society also peer pressure. In ‘what were they like’ by Denise Levertov we are first confused about what the poem subject matter may be until we delve into the meaning of the poem and explore the history of the Vietnamese war and the people and culture caught up in the conflict. After reading into the poem we can see that it is about how people after the Vietnamese war believed their culture would be lost forever and that they would need story tellers and educators to continue their cultures story. The poem considers issues that are still relevant today such as the possibility of the loss of the culture and tradition in Afghanistan and Iraq due to the ongoing hostilities. The poem heavily romanticises the war and the Vietnamese people when saying things like ‘life was in rice and bamboo.’ This implies that the Vietnamese are simple folk, their lives are painted in a sympathetic portrait of a gentle, kind and humble race living and working in the paddy fields, which may be perceived as a patronising view of the Vietnamese people. This would not necessarily be how the poem was intended to be presented. ‘Presents from†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ has similarities and differences to ‘What were they like’ is about. In ‘presents from my aunts in Pakistan’ Moniza Alvi is curious of her culture that she was torn away from at an early age. She receives presents from her aunts in Pakistan but is embarrassed of them. This poem is written through the eyes of a 16 year old girl who is curious, confused and embarrassed about a culture that she knows so little about but is such a big part of her as a person. When friends come round she hides her presents to avoid further embarrassment and ridicule. She is considering what culture to embrace and what culture to reject, peer pressure from both her friends and relatives are forcing her into a corner from which she is made to choose from and has nowhere to turn. The way this poem is both different and similar to ‘what were they like’ is that in both cases they are being forced to loose their culture, in ‘Presents from†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ by peer pressure and in ‘What were they like’ by military force, in this way they are also similar because it is not their choice to loose their culture, this is how both poems present people and culture, how people can make their own choices and that people need to stand up for themselves. In this section of my essay on people and culture I will be comparing the structure of both ‘Presents†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘What were†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ how they are similar and different in shape, rhyme, punctuation, repetition, refrain and stanzas/sections. The structure of both poems are similar as they are original in the way they are presented. The structure has been greatly considered to show the poem is a certain way. In ‘Presents†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ there appears to be no structure or reason to the bizarre way the poem is written at first reading. When we consider that the poet is confused and curious about her other culture she has moved away from, it becomes clear that that are the scattered ideas running through the mind of a troubled young girl. There need be no beginning or end to this poem; it is possible for the poem to start in many places, as this is set out to be as though someone has jotted down ideas and thoughts that have possibly no link between lines. There is no rhythm or flow through the poem, broken up by the lack of sense and constant change of path the poem takes. There is still some structure to the poem, there is punctuation where is should be, maybe even mare so as she pauses to throw more ideas and thoughts onto the page. There are full stops and capital letters where expected at the start and end of ideas. Ideas are split into stanzas which shows the poem is not completely free from structure. There is no repetition or refrain which is only to be expected in a poem such as this, where there is no regular shape or structure. I believe the poet has intended for their to be no structure, as it shows turmoil in the writer’s mind as she throws up the pro’s and con’s of embracing or rejecting her culture of which she knows so little about. It could also be written in this way to celebrate culture and diversity, by displaying her work in a unique and diverse way, I think this is the way Moniza Alvi wanted to display people and culture through the structure of her poem. In ‘What were†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ the structure is also unorthodox in the way it is presented. We may be puzzled the first time we read it and question why the poem is written in such a way. As I have said before, it is not until you read deeper and research into the meaning of the poem that you can fully understand why it is written the way it is. You can then understand that it is written about the Vietnamese people and their battle to keep their culture. It appears to be children asking their teacher, Vietnamese people or American war veterans that fought in the war about the past and the culture or way of life the Vietnamese had. The way the poem is set out even as a question and answer poem is not as you would expect it to be, all the questions and all the answers are grouped together in two block paragraphs divided by a small gap. I thin Denise Levertov wrote the poem in this way because it shows that there are two different speakers to the poem and it draws a clear line between then to avoid confusion. I also think it is written in this way to show that there is a bombardment of questions from the children, as when the war was over people would have wanted to ask a lot of questions about the war, what the felt and how their culture has been affected. This is how I think Denise Levertov intended and used the structure of the poem to present how the people both Vietnamese and the group questioning them felt about the war. In the next section of my essay I will be exploring how the poets used language and poetic devices to display people and culture. Poets use different poetic devices to display their work in different ways depending on which way they would like their work to be perceived. ‘What were†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ is a good example of where metaphors are used affectively to creat a clear image in your mind of what the poet is tring to get accros. A good example of this is ‘Sir, laughter is bitter to the burned mouth’, this could mean a few things, it could mean that they can no longer laugh as nothing is funny after the horrors they have seen, nothing would seem funny after the amount of death and destruction they have seen. Another meaning that is linked to laughter being hard to come by, could be that after seeing charred bodies and charred mouths that can no longer physically laugh. The poem is very ambiguous and could have many meanings that are not clear at first. The poet, Denise Levertov could have intended for this to happen and used it as a devise to make you continue reading to see if it became clear over time the exact meaning of this poem. It may also be ambiguous because the poem was written before the end of the Vietnamese war and ideas they may have been proved wrong or be different to the knowledge we have now, I think it was accidental that the people and culture are displayed in such an ambiguous way, but the way imagery, metaphors and similes have been used is very effective and presents well people and culture in the Vietnamese war. In ‘Presents†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ imagery is also used all of the time to help you imagine the presents that are sent from her aunts in Pakistan. At the same time similes and metaphors are used to describe the items of clothing by comparing the exotic items of clothing to other more familiar objects, such as when it says ‘They sent me a salwar kameez peacock blue, and another glistening like an orange split open.’ This is very useful when trying to imaging other items of clothing that are sent. It is much better way of describing what the thing looks like and a much clearer way of presenting the people and culture in the poem when we can relate to everyday items and not just a name that we cannot pronounce properly. One of the dresses is personified when it says ‘ I tried each satin-silken top was alien in the sitting-room’. This puts a clear image in your mind of how Moniza feels towards her new clothes, it shows that she is confused about her Pakistani culture as if it were alien to her. Personification is not used in ‘What were†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ but is used very effectively in ‘Presents†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢